The term “Mediterranean Diet” has referred, since the early 1960’s, to the eating habits of the countries of the Mediterranean, led by Greece, Spain, and southern Italy. Known for the richness and nutritional value of both their seas and their land, these countries base their diet on low-fat fish, olive oil, fruits, vegetables, grains, potatoes, beans, walnuts, and dairy products, while their inhabitants, according to scientific data, show some of the highest life expectancy levels in the world. Therefore, it is not surprising that the Mediterranean diet is gaining more and more friends. But what makes it so unique?